So basically, DNA replication is not a a simple process, it needs lots of emzymes accompanied so that it would successfully done.
In the eukaryotes, the DNA is formed in two strands, each composed of units called Nucleotides. The two strands look like two chains that form the DNA Double Helix. The DNA Replication Process is capable of opening the Double Helix and separating the two strands. Then the two strands are copied. As a result two new DNA molecules are created. The next step is the cell division. After that a daughter cell is created. In its nucleus lies a copy of the parental DNA.
The picture above clearly shows how each enzymes work in order to succeed the repulication, and there is a list of each enzyme and how it works.
Helicase
DNA replication begins at places called origins, within the DNA molecule and the creation of replication forks. Helicase separates the two strands using the energy that is derived from ATP hydrolysis.
DNA Primase
One of the most crucial DNA replication enzymes is DNA Primase. After the DNA strands are separated, to begin the creation of new DNA molecules, through addition of complementary bases to the templates, a short RNA segment, called a 'primer' is required. These primers are synthesized by DNA primase enzymes, thus initiating the DNA replication process. That is why DNA Primase is one of the most important DNA replication enzyme.
DNA Polymerase
The most important DNA replication enzymes, that carry out the main task of aligning the complementary bases with template strands of 'unzipped' DNA, are the DNA polymerases. They are a large family of enzymes that carry out the task of adding complementary base nucleotides by reading the template strands. Besides the task of elongating the DNA molecule, they also carry out DNA proofreading and repair.
Exonuclease (DNA Polymerase I)
The main function of Exonucleases like DNA polymerase I is to remove the RNA primer segments from the template strand. It is always involved in the 'Search and Remove' operation of RNA primers.
DNA Ligase
While Helicase works to unwind the DNA molecule, DNA Ligase is the DNA replication enzyme that binds the DNA fragments together by addition of phosphates in the gaps that remain in the phophate-ribose sugar backbone.
DNA replication begins at places called origins, within the DNA molecule and the creation of replication forks. Helicase separates the two strands using the energy that is derived from ATP hydrolysis.
DNA Primase
One of the most crucial DNA replication enzymes is DNA Primase. After the DNA strands are separated, to begin the creation of new DNA molecules, through addition of complementary bases to the templates, a short RNA segment, called a 'primer' is required. These primers are synthesized by DNA primase enzymes, thus initiating the DNA replication process. That is why DNA Primase is one of the most important DNA replication enzyme.
DNA Polymerase
The most important DNA replication enzymes, that carry out the main task of aligning the complementary bases with template strands of 'unzipped' DNA, are the DNA polymerases. They are a large family of enzymes that carry out the task of adding complementary base nucleotides by reading the template strands. Besides the task of elongating the DNA molecule, they also carry out DNA proofreading and repair.
Exonuclease (DNA Polymerase I)
The main function of Exonucleases like DNA polymerase I is to remove the RNA primer segments from the template strand. It is always involved in the 'Search and Remove' operation of RNA primers.
DNA Ligase
While Helicase works to unwind the DNA molecule, DNA Ligase is the DNA replication enzyme that binds the DNA fragments together by addition of phosphates in the gaps that remain in the phophate-ribose sugar backbone.
Hi,
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